Chapter 49: The Etiquettes Of
Travelling
Hadith 1: It is in
Sahih Bukhari from Ka’ab bin Maalik رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Nabi-e-Kareem صلَّی اللہ
تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
departed for The Ghazwa-e-Tabuk[1]
on a Thursday, and Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم preferred departing (for journeys) on
Thursdays.
Hadith 2: Tirmizi
and Abu Dawud have reported from Sakhr bin Wada’a رضی
اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
said, ‘O Allah, Grant my Ummah Barkat
(blessing and abundance) in the morning’. Whenever Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
sent out any contingent or regiment, he would
do so in the morning, and Sakhr رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ was a trader, who would dispatch his trade goods during the
morning, so he became a very wealthy person and his goods (stock) became
abundant.
Hadith 3: In Sahih
Bukhari it is reported from Ibn Umar ما
C عن _N عا O الله *M ر
that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم said, ‘If others only knew the dangers of travelling alone, no
rider (traveller) would travel alone at night’.
Hadith 4: Imam
Maalik, Tirmizi and Abu Dawud report on the authority of Amr bin Shu’aib from
his father, from his grandfather, that Rasoolullah صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
said, ‘shaitaan concerns himself with one and
two travellers. When there are three, it is a Jama’at (group) (i.e. so he does
not concern himself with them)’.
Hadith 5: Abu Dawud
reported from Abu Sa’eed Khudri رضی اللہ تعالٰی
عنہ that Rasoolullah
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘When there are three people on a
journey, then one (from amongst them) should be appointed as the Ameer (i.e. he
should be made the group leader)’.
Hadith 6: Baihaqi
reported from Sahl ibn Sa’ad رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that
Rasoolullah صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘A leader of a group of travellers is
the one who serves them. With the exception of martyrdom, no other deed of
others can surpass one who takes greater initiative in serving’.
Hadith 7: It is in
Sahih Bukhari and Muslim from Abu Hurairah رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘Travelling is a portion of suffering.
It prevents (one) from sleeping, eating and drinking, so return home in haste,
after you have completed your undertaking’.
Hadith 8: It is in
Sahih Muslim from Abu Hurairah رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said ‘When you disembark at night, at any
stage of your journey, then take respite away from the road, for it is the path
of the animals and a place inhabited by poisonous creatures’.
Hadith 9: Abu Dawud
reported from Abu Hurairah رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah
صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘Do not make the backs of animals your pulpits.
In other words, do not sit on their backs, making conversation when you stop,
for Allah has subdued the animals to (serve) you, so that you may reach such
cities, which cannot be (ordinarily) reached without causing yourself
distress’.
Hadith 10: Abu Dawud
reported on the authority of Abu Tha’lba Khashni رضی
اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that when people descended at their
destinations, they would set up camp individually. Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم said, ‘Your setting-up camps individually is from shaitaan’. From
then forth, whenever the Sahaba-e-Kiraam descended at any place, they camped
together.
Hadith 11: Abu Dawud
reported from Anas رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that
Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
said, ‘Deem it necessary to travel at night,
because the earth is gathered at night[2]’.
Hadith 12: Abu Dawud
reported from Anas رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ who says,
‘When we would descend upon our destinations, we would not perform our Salaah
until such time that we untied the saddles of our camels’.
Hadith 13: Tirmizi
and Abu Dawud reported on the authority of Buraidah رضی
اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
was travelling on foot, when a person arrived
on a donkey and said, ‘Ya Rasool’Allah صلَّی اللہ
تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
! Please ascend
(onto the donkey)’ and he then stepped back. Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم said, ‘Not in this manner! To sit on the focal area of the animal
is your right, except when you grant this right to me’. He said, ‘I have given
this right to Huzoor صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم. (Only then) did Huzoor
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
ascend’.
Hadith 14: Ibn
Asaakir reported from Abu Dardah رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘When a person returns from a journey,
he should bring back a gift for his family (household), even if it may be stones
that he put into a small bag’.
Hadith 15: It is in
Sahih Bukhari and Muslim from Anas رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم would not return to his family from a journey
at night. He صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم would
either go to them in the morning or in the afternoon.
Hadith 16: It is in
Sahih Bukhari and Muslim from Jaabir رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘If a person has been away (from home)
for a lengthy period, he should not go to his wife at night’. It has been
mentioned in another narration that Huzoor صلَّی اللہ
تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
said to him, ‘If you arrived in Madina at
night, then you should not go to your wife until such time that she has
properly adorned and beautified herself’.
Hadith 17: It is in
Bukhari and Muslim on the authority of Ka’ab bin Maalik رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم would return from a journey at the time of Chasht[3].
On returning, he would first go to the Musjid and offer two Raka’ats of Namaaz.
Thereafter, he would be seated in the Musjid (i.e. to allow the people to meet
with him).
Hadith 18: It is in
Sahih Bukhari from Jaabir رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ, whereby
he says that he went on a journey with Nabi Kareem صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم . When he entered Madina, Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم said to me, ‘Go to the Musjid and offer 2 Raka’ats of Namaaz’.
Laws of Jurisprudence
Law: It is impermissible
for a female to travel on a journey of three days or more, without a Mahram1,
and if she undertakes a journey of less than three days with a pious male or
with a child, then it is permissible, the ruling concerning a bondswoman is the
same. [Durre-Mukhtar, Raddul Muhtar]
Law: With the exception of
Jihad, if one intends to undertake any other journey, such as (if he wishes) to
go on a business trip, or for Hajj or Umrah, he should seek the permission of
his parents. If his parents do not permit him to undertake this journey, and he
fears that if he goes, then there shall be none to watch over and take care of
them, and if he also does not have sufficient funds, whereby after giving some
to them, he will not have sufficient for the expenditure of his journey, then
in such a circumstance, he should not undertake this journey without their
permission. However, if his parents are not dependant and the children are not
responsible for their maintenance and for providing their necessities, but the
journey[4]
(that he wishes to undertake) is a dangerous one and there is also a fear of
loss of life in undertaking such a journey. Then too he should not travel
without the permission of his parents. If there is no threat of harm of loss of
life, then he may travel without seeking their permission. [Alamgiri]
Law: If a person undertook
a journey to acquire knowledge of Deen, without seeking permission from his
parents, there is no harm in this. It will not be regarded as disobedience to
his parents. [Alamgiri]
[1] A Ghazwa refers to a battle or expedition.
[2] The meaning of this, is that one should not travel only in
daylight, but one should also continue ones journey for a portion of the night
because the distance of the journey is covered faster at night.
[3] Chasht refers to the Mid-morning, wherein the Chasht Namaaz is
also prayed. This is an optional prayer and is full of blessings.
[4]
Mahram refers to her Proper Legal Guardian as stipulated in the
Shariah, i.e. one whom she can never marry.
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