Chapter 10: Factors Which Nullify Namaaz
Hadith 1: It is in Muslim Shareef from
Mu’awiyah bin Al Hakm that Huzoor صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم said, ‘In Namaaz, the words of any human is not possible,
it should not be, but Tasbeeh, Takbeer and Qira’at of the Qur’an.’
Hadith 2: In Sahih Bukhari it is narrated
from Abdullah ibn Mas’ud رضی اﷲ تعالیٰ
عنہ that Huzoor صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم used to be in Namaaz and we would convey Salaam to Huzoor
صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم and Huzoor صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم used to reply to our Salaam. When we returned from
Najashi’s place (i.e. after migration to Abyssinia/Ethiopia), we conveyed
Salaam, but he صلی اللہ تعالی
علیہ وسلم did not reply. We said, ‘Ya
Rasool’Allah صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم we used to convey Salaam and
Huzoor صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم used to reply to our Salaam (what
has happened that we did not get a reply to our Salaam)?’ He صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم said, ‘Due to being engrossed in Namaaz’.
In the narration of Abu Dawud
that he صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم said, ‘Allah makes evident whatever
Command of His, He Wills, and from this, is not to convey Salaam in Namaaz’.
Only thereafter, did he صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم reply to their Salaam. He صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم further said, ‘Namaaz is for Qira’at of the Qur’an and
the Zikr of Allah, so when in Namaaz, this should be your status.’
Hadith 3: Imam Ahmed, Abu Dawud, Tirmizi
and Nasa’i have reported from Abu Hurairah رضی اﷲ تعالیٰ عنہ that Huzoor صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم said, ‘Two black things, (namely) snakes and scorpions should
be killed in Namaaz’.
Laws of
Jurisprudence
Law: Talking nullifies Namaaz, be this
‘Amdan’ (deliberately), ‘Khat’an’ (due to error), or ‘Sahwan’ (oversight i.e.
through forgetfulness); be it whilst asleep or when awake; whether you willingly
spoke or you were compelled to speak by someone else; or if he did not know
that talking causes the Namaaz to be invalidated. ‘Khata’ (due to oversight)
means that he intended to recite Qira’at or the Azkaar of Namaaz (i.e. Tasbeehs
etc of Namaaz), but by error something was uttered from the mouth, and ‘Sahw’
means that he did not remember being in Namaaz. [Durr-e-Mukhtar vol.1 pg.575/576]
Law: There is no distinction of a
little or a lot in regards to talking, and there is even no distinction whether
one spoke with aim of rectifying the Namaaz or not. For example, if the Imam
was meant to sit but he stood up, and the Muqtadi said ‘Sit down’ in order to inform
him (of his error) or if he said ‘Hoo’ the Namaaz is nullified. [Durr-e-Mukhtar
vol.1 pg.574; Alamgiri vol.1 pg.98]
Law: Intentionally talking causes the
Namaaz to be nullified if he did not sit upto the time of Tashahud, and if he
sat upto the time of Tashahud, then the Namaaz is completed, but this is
Makruh-e-Tahreemi. [Durr-e-Mukhtar vol.1 pg.573]
Law: Only that kind of talking nullifies
the Namaaz, which is loud enough at least he can hear himself, if there is no
hindrance; and if it is not as loud, and is only correction of the alphabets,
it will not nullify the Namaaz. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.98]
Law: If before completing the Namaaz,
one forgetfully turned Salaam, there is no harm. However, if he did so with
intent, the Namaaz is nullified. [Durr-e-Mukhtar vol.1 pg. 575 etc]
Law: If one made Salaam to anyone, be
it deliberately or due to oversight, the Namaaz is regarded as invalid, even if
he made Salaam forgetfully, and then remembered that he should not make Salaam and
then remained silent. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.98]
Law: If the Masbooq turned Salaam with
the Imam, thinking that he should turn Salaam with the Imam, the Namaaz is
nullified. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.98]
Law: If in Esha, thinking that it was
Taraweeh, he turned Salaam at two Raka’ats; if thinking Zuhr was Jummah he
turned Salaam at two Raka’ats, or if a Muqeem though he was a Musafir and
turned Salaam at two Raka’ats, the Namaaz has been nullified. To even make
‘Bina’ on this Namaaz is not permitted. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.98]
Law: Thinking of the second Raka’at as
the fourth, if one turned Salaam, and then on remembering, complete the Namaaz
and make Sajdah-e-Sahw at the end. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.98]
Law: Replying to the Salaam by tongue
(i.e. audibly) also nullifies the Namaaz, and if one replies by gesturing with
the hand, then this is Makruh; To make ‘Musafaha’ (Shake hands) with the
intention of Salaam, also nullifies the Namaaz. [Durr-e-Mukhtar vol.1 pg.576; Alamgiri
vol.1 pg.98]
Law: If one asked the Musal’li for
something or about something and he merely gestured a yes or a no by moving the
head or hand, the Namaaz will not be nullified, but to do this is Makruh.
[Alamgiri vol.1 pg.98]
Law: If someone sneezed and the
Namaazi said یَرْحَمُکَ
اللہ in reply (to
his sneezing), the Namaaz is nullified; and if he sneezed, and addressing
himself, if he said یَرْحَمُکَ
اللہ the Namaaz
will not be nullified; and if someone else sneezed and that Musal’li said اَلْحَمْدُلِلّٰہِ the Namaaz is done, but if he said this with the intention
of answering, then the Namaaz is nullified. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.98]
Law: If in Namaaz he sneezed and
someone else said یَرْحَمُکَ
اللہ and in reply
to this he said ‘Aameen’, the Namaaz has been nullified. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.98]
Law: If in Namaaz one sneezes, one should
remain silent, and if one does say اَلْحَمْدُلِلّٰہِ then too there will be no harm to the Namaaz; and if he
did not proclaim the ‘Humd’ at that time, he should say if after the completing
(the Namaaz). [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.98]
Law: If on hearing good news, if one
said اَلْحَمْدُلِلّٰہِ the Namaaz is nullified. However, if he did not say it
with the Niyyat (intention) of replying, but he did it to show that he is in
Namaaz, then it will not be nullified. Similarly, if he hears some amazing news
and with the aim of giving a response to it, he pronounced the words سُبْحَانَ اللہ or لَا اِلٰـہَ اِلَّا اللہُ or اَللہُ اَکْبَر the Namaaz has been nullified; otherwise not. [Alamgiri vol.1
pg.99]
Law: If someone requested permission
to enter, and with the aim of showing that he is in Namaaz, he loudly said, الحمد ﷲ or اﷲ اکبر or if he read سبحان اﷲ the Namaaz will not be nullified. [Ghuniya]
Law: If on hearing some bad news, if
one said, اِنَّا لِلّٰہِ وَ اِنَّا اِلَیْہِ رَاجِعُوْن or if he replied by using
Qur’anic Words, the Namaaz will be nullified. For example; if someone asked, ‘Is
there another Creator, except the Creator?’ and he then responded by saying لَا اِلٰہَ اِلَّا اللہ or if they asked ‘What are the types of belongings
you have? He responded saying, اَلْخَيْلَ وَالْبِغَالَ وَالْحَمِیْرَ or if he was asked, ‘From where did
you come’ and he then responded with وَبِئْرٍ مُّعَطَّلَۃٍ وَّ قَصْرٍ مَّشِیْدٍ Similarly, if he addressed someone
using the Qur’anic words. For example, if the person’s name is Yahya and he
said, یٰـیَحْیٰی خُذِ الْکِتٰبَ بِقُوَّۃٍ or if his name is= Musa and he
said to him, وَمَا
تِلْکَ بِیَمِیْنِکَ یمُوْسٰی (In all these cases), the Namaaz will be nullified.
[Durr-e-Mukhtar vol.1 pg.580/581]
Law: On hearing the Holy Name of
Allah, if he said جل جلالہ and on hearing the Blessed Name
of Nabi صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم if he recited Durood-e-Paak, or on
hearing the Qira’at of the Imam if he said, صَدَقَ اللہ وَصَدَقَ رَسُوْلُـہ then in all these situations, the Namaaz will be
nullified, whereas he said these with the aim of giving answer; and if he did
not say these as a reply, then there is no harm (to the Namaaz). Similarly, if
he replies to the Azaan, the Namaaz will be nullified. [Durr-e-Mukhtar, Raddul Muhtar
vol.1 pg.581]
Law: If on hearing about shaitaan, if
one cursed him, the Namaaz will be nullified. If one, reads لَا حَوْلَ ‘La Howl’ with the aim of dispelling evil whispering
(of shaitaan). If it is for worldly matter then the Namaaz will be nullified,
and if it is for matter of the hereafter, it will not be nullified. [Alamgiri
vol.1 pg.99/100]
Law: If on seeing the moon one said رَ بِّی وَرَبُّکَ اللہ or because of having fever etc if one read something from
the Qur’an and blew it over, the Namaaz has been nullified. If a sick person,
when getting up and sitting proclaimed بسم اﷲ due to the discomfort
and pain, the Namaaz has not been nullified. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.99]
Law: Some text in the Holy Qur’an is
found arranged on the measure of a Poetic Stanza. If this is read with the
Niyyat of a poetic verse, the Namaaz if nullified, such as وَالْمُرْسَلٰتِ عُرْفًا ۙ﴿۱﴾ فَالْعٰصِفٰتِ
عَصْفًا ۙ﴿۲﴾ and if in Namaaz,
one composed a poetic stanza, but did not bring it onto the tongue (i.e. did
not say it audibly), without saying anything, then even though the Namaaz will
not be nullified, but this is sinful. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.100]
Law: If during Namaaz, the words ‘Na’am’
(Yes) or ‘Ar’re’ (Oh), or ‘Haa’ (Yes); and if one is in the habit of saying
these words, then the Namaaz has been nullified; otherwise not. [Durr-e-Mukhtar
vol.1 pg.586 etc]
Law: If the Musal’li gave ‘Luqma’ to
another person, other than his Imam (in that Namaaz), his Namaaz is nullified,
be this whether the person whom he gave Luqma to, is in Namaaz or not; and be
he a Muqtadi or a Munfarid. [Durr-e-Mukhtar vol.1 pg.581]
Law: If he read with the Niyyat of Tilaawat
and not with the Niyyat of Luqma, there is no hindrance. [Durr-e-Mukhtar vol.1
pg.581]
Law: (For the Imam) to accept the Luqma
of anyone else except his own Muqtadi, nullifies the Namaaz; However, if when
that person was informing him, he himself had already remembered at that particular
moment, and not because he was told (by the one giving Luqma), and if he had
not been informed by him, he would have still remembered it, and there the
(other persons) informing him has not interference in this, then him (the Imam)
reciting this, would not nullify the Namaaz. [Durr-e-Mukhtar; Raddul Muhtar
vol.1 pg.581- 583]
Law: To give your Imam Luqma, and for
him to accept that Luqma does not nullify the Namaaz. However, if the Muqtadi
heard from someone else who is not part of the Namaaz, and then gave Luqma, and
the Imam accepted the Luqma, then the Namaaz of everyone has been nullified;
and if the Imam did not accept it, then only the Namaaz of the Muqtadi is
nullified. [Durr-e-Mukhtar vol.1 pg.582]
Law: The one, who is giving Luqma,
should not make Niyyat (intention) of Qira’at, but he should (merely) say the
words with the intention of giving Luqma. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.99]
Law: To immediately give (the Imam)
Luqma is Makruh. There should be a slight delay (waiting before giving Luqma),
on the basis that possibly the Imam will himself remember; unless he knows his habit
that when he stops, he recites some such alphabets that cause the Namaaz to be
nullified, then in this case he should immediately inform him. Similarly, it is
Makruh for the Imam to compel (i.e. force) the Muqtadis to give him Luqma; he
should rather move to some other Surah, or he should commence some other Ayat
(verse), on condition that his joining to that is not something that will
nullify the Salaah. If he has already recited upto the necessity, he should go into
Ruku. The meaning of making the Muqtadi feel ‘compelled’ (Majbur), means to
continue reading the same thing (when he is stuck) or to stand silently. [Alamgiri
vol.1 pg.99; Raddul Muhtar vol.1, p.g582] If the error was such that it changes
the meaning, then to rectify that Namaaz, it is necessary to repeat the entire
Namaaz, and if he cannot remember, then he will compel the Muqtadi to inform
him, and even if he is not able to inform him, then the Namaaz is nullified.
Law: It is not a condition for the
person giving Luqma (informing in Namaaz for rectification) to be Baaligh (have
reached the age of puberty), A Maraahiq (someone near maturity) is also allowed
to give Luqma. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.99] This is on condition that he knows how to
read Namaaz and he is part of the Namaaz.
Law: A Dua which cannot be asked from
the servants (of Allah) is permissible, for example; اَللّٰھُمَّ عَافِنِیْ اَللّٰھُمَّ اغْفِرْلِیْ and that which can be used to ask
from servants nullifies the Namaaz, for example. اَللّٰھُمَّ اَطْعِمْنِیْ or اَللّٰھُمَّ زَوِّجْنِیْ [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.100]
Law: If the words, ‘Ah’ ‘Oh’ ‘Uf’ ‘Taf’
etc were mentioned due to pain, or some difficulty, of if one cried aloud
causing some alphabets to emanate, then in all these situations the Namaaz is
nullified; and if whilst crying only tears dropped and no sound or formation of
alphabets emanated, there is no harm. [Alamgiri vol.1 pg.100/101; Durr-e-Mukhtar
vol.1 pg. 579]
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