Chapter
12: Namaaz-e-Istisqa
* Verses of The Qur’an
* Ahadth
* Laws of Jurisprudence
Allah Almighty says
وَ
مَاللہ اَصَابَکُمۡ مِّنۡ مُّصِیۡبَۃٍ فَبِمَا کَسَبَتْ اَیۡدِیۡکُمْ وَ یَعْفُوۡا
عَنۡ کَثِیۡرٍ ﴿ؕ۳۰﴾
‘Whatever befalls you of
misfortune, is because of what your hands have done, and He forgives much (of
it).’ [Surah Shur’a, Verse 30]
Even the droughts, which we face, are because of our own sins. Hence,
in such times we should repent in abundance (i.e. make Istighfaar), and this
too is His (Allah’s) Grace that he forgives much of it, otherwise if we are
held accountable for everything, where would we be left?
Allah says
وَ
لَوْ یُؤَاخِذُ اللہُ النَّاسَ بِمَا کَسَبُوۡا مَا تَرَکَ عَلٰی ظَہۡرِہَا مِنۡ
دَآبَّۃٍ
‘If Allah had to hold people
accountable for all that which they did, (then) He would not have left anything
moving on the earth.’ [Surah Faatir, Verse
45]
Allah says
اسْتَغْفِرُوۡا
رَبَّکُمْ ۟ اِنَّہٗ کَانَ غَفَّارًا ﴿ۙ۱۰﴾ یُّرْسِلِ السَّمَاللہءَ عَلَیۡکُمۡ
مِّدْرَارًا ﴿ۙ۱۱﴾وَّ یُمْدِدْکُمْ بِاَمْوَالٍ وَّ بَنِیۡنَ وَ یَجْعَلۡ لَّکُمْ
جَنّٰتٍ وَّ یَجْعَلۡ لَّکُمْ اَنْہٰرًا ﴿ؕ۱۲﴾
‘Seek forgiveness from your
Creator, Verily He is Most Forgiving. He will send down rains to you in
abundance. And He will aid you in your wealth and your sons (children), and He
will give you Orchards and Rivers.’ [Surah
Nuh, Verses 10-12]
Hadith 1: Ibn Majah reports from
Ibn Umar رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہما
that Rasoolullah صلی
اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم
said, ‘Those people who cheat and measures
and weights will be inflicted by drought, difficulty at the time of death and
dictatorship of a ruthless ruler (King). If it was not for the animals, it
would have not rained upon them.’
Hadith 2: It is in Sahih Muslim
Shareef from Abu Hurairah رضی اﷲ تعالیٰ عنہ that Rasoolullah
صلی
اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم said, ‘Drought does not only refer to the
shortage of rain, but it also refers to time when it rains but nothing grows on
the earth.’
Hadith 3: It is in Sahihain from
Anas رضی اﷲ تعالیٰ عنہ that Rasoolullah صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم never used
to raise his hands as much as he did when making Dua in Istisqa. He would raise
it to the extent that the whiteness of his blessed underarms could be seen.
Hadith 4: It is in Sahih Muslim
from him as well (Anas رضی اﷲ تعالیٰ عنہ) that
Rasoolullah صلی
اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم made Dua for rain, and he gestured towards
the sky with the back of his blessed hands. (In other words, during other Duas,
the principle is to face the palms upwards, but in this the hands should be
turned over, as this is a foretoken of the condition changing).
Hadith 5: It is in Sunan-e-Arba
from Ibn Ab’bas رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہما that Rasoolullah
صلی
اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم wore old clothing and went for Istisqa, with
humility, sincerity and in earnest supplication.
Hadith 6: Abu Dawud reported
from Ummul Momineen A’isha Siddiqa رضی اﷲ
تعالیٰ عنہا that people complained to Rasoolullah صلی
اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم
about the drought and shortage of rain.
Rasoolullah صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم
commanded for the Mimbar to be brought forth
and it was placed in the Eid Gah, and then promised the people with regards to
a particular day, that on that day all will go there. When the brink of the sun
glowed, Rasoolullah صلی
اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم went there and sat on the Mimbar. He
proclaimed the Takbeer and Praised Almighty Allah. He صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم then said,
‘You people complained with regards to the drought in your country (city) and about
the rains being delayed later than usual, and Allah Almighty has commanded you
that you should make Dua to Him (invoke Him), and He has promised that He will
accept your Duas.’ After this, He صلی اللہ
تعالی علیہ وسلم
said,
اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰہِ رَبِّ الْعٰلَمِیْنَ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
مَالِکِ یَوْمِ الدِّیْنِ لَا اِلٰـہَ اِلَّا اللہُ یَفْعَلُ مَا یُرِیْدُ
اَللّٰھُمَّ اَنْتَ اللہُ لَا اِلٰـہَ اِلَّا اَنْتَ الْغَنِیُّ وَنَحْنُ
الْفُقَرَاءُ اَنْزِلْ عَلَیْنَا الْغَیْثَ وَاجْعَلْ مَا اَنْزَلْتَ قُوَّۃً وَّ
بَلَاغًا اِلٰی حِیْنٍ
‘Praise be to Allah Who is the Creator of the worlds. He is most Compassionate,
Most Merciful, Master of the Day of Requital. There is none worthy of worship
except Allah. He does as He Wills. O Allah! You alone are worthy of Worship,
Besides You there is none worthy of Worship. You are free from all needs, and
we are dependant (on You). Send down rains upon us, and whatever You send down,
let it be strength for us, and let it be a means of reaching us for a time.’ He
صلی
اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم then raised his blessed hands, to the extent
that the whiteness of the blessed underarms was visible. He then faced his back
to the people and then turned over his blessed shawl (blanket). He then turned
and directed his attention towards the people and descended from the Mimbar,
then performed 2 Raka’ats of Namaaz. Allah Almighty caused it to become
overcast immediately. There was thunder and lightning and then it rained, and
Huzoor صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم
had not yet returned from the Musjid and the
drains were flowing.
Hadith 7: Imam Malik and Abu
Dawud report on the authority of Amr ibn Shu’aib who reported from his father
who reported from his grandfather, that Rasoolullah صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم would make
this Dua for Istisqa:
اَللّٰھُمَّ اسْقِ عِبَادَکَ وَ بَھِیْمَتَکَ وَانْشُرْ رَحْمَتَکَ
وَاَحْیِ بَلَدَکَ الْمَیِّتَ
‘O Allah, quench (the thirst) of Your
servants and the animals, and spread out Your Mercy, and bring back your dead
(drought stricken) city to life.’
Hadith 8: It is in Sunan Abu
Dawud from Jabir رضی اﷲ تعالیٰ عنہ. He
says, ‘I saw Rasoolullah صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم raise his blessed hands and make this Dua:
اَللّٰھُمَّ اسْقِنَا غَیْثًا مُّغِیْثًا مَّرِیْأً مَّرِیْعاً
نَّافِعاً غَیْرَ ضَارٍّ عَاجِلاً غَيْرَ اٰجِلٍ
Allah, Quench us with rain abundantly, rains which will bring pleasant
freshness, and which beneficial and not harmful (and) which will (come) soon
and not later.’ Rasoolullah
صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم had just recited this Dua and the sky became overcast.’
Hadith 9: It is in Sahih Bukhari
Shareef from Anas رضی اﷲ تعالیٰ عنہ that when the
people would be affected by drought, then Ameerul Momineen Farooq-e-Azam رضی اﷲ تعالیٰ عنہ would make Dua (for rain) through the Wasila of
Hazrat Ab’bas رضی اﷲ تعالیٰ عنہ. He
would say, ‘O Allah, We used to take the Wasila of our Nabi صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم towards
You, and You would cause it to rain. Now, we make the Beloved Uncle of Our Nabi
صلی
اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم the Wasila in Your Court, so send down rains
(upon us).’ Hazrat Anas رضی اﷲ تعالیٰ عنہ says,
‘When we did this then it would rain.’
In other words, (Anas رضی اﷲ
تعالیٰ عنہ was explaining that) in the physical lifetime of Rasoolullah صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم, Huzoor صلی
اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم would be in front and we would make our Saffs
behind him and make Dua. Now, since we cannot do this, we put forth the Uncle
of Rasoolullah صلی اللہ تعالی علیہ وسلم and make Dua (behind him). This too is
actually through the Tawassul of Rasoolullah صلی اللہ
تعالی علیہ وسلم
. If it
could not be achieved extrinsically, then it is achieved intrinsically.
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