Chapter 9: Rings And Jewellery
Hadith 1: In Sahih
Muslim it is reported fromAnas رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that when Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم intended to have letters written to Kasra,
Qaisar and Najashi, someone mentioned that they do not accept letters without a
seal (i.e. a royal stamp) on them. Nabi صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم then had a silver ring made on which was
engraved محمدرسول اﷲ
‘Muhammadur Rasoolullah’. It is mentioned in the narration of Imam Bukhari that this was engraved
in three lines. On the first line was محمد on the
second line was رسول
and on the third line was the Name اﷲ
Hadith 2: It is
reported in Sahih Bukhari and Muslim from Ibn Umar رضی
اللہ تعالٰی عنہما that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم had a ring made from gold.I In one narration
it has been mentioned that he wore it on the right hand and then threw it away
and had a silver ring made, which had محمدرسول اﷲ engraved
on it. He صلَّی اللہ
تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘No person should engrave his ring with
an engraving that is similar to that of my ring. Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم wore his
ring, with the gemstone would face his palm’.
Hadith 3: It is in
Sahih Bukhari from Anas رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that
Rasoolullah’s صلَّی اللہ
تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم ring was made from silver and it also had a
gemstone on it.
Hadith 4: It is in
Sahih Bukhari and Muslim on the authority of Anas رضی
اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم wore a silver
ring on his right hand and its stone was of Abyssinian origin, and it used to
be worn facing his palm.
Hadith 5: There is a
narration of Muslim from Anas رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah’s
صلَّی اللہ
تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم ring was on this finger. In other words, it
was on the little finger of the left hand.
Hadith 6: It is in
Sahih Muslim from Hazrat Ali رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that
Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم forbade me
from wearing the ring on this finger or this finger. In other words, he forbade
him from wearing it on the middle finger or the Kalima (index) finger.
Hadith 7: Ibn Majah
reported from Abdullah ibn Ja’far رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہما and Abu Dawud and Nasa’i reported from Hazrat Ali رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم used to wear his ring on the right hand and Abu Dawud reported
from ibn Umar رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہما that He صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم used to wear it on the left hand. It can be deduced from both
these Hadith that He صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم would sometimes wear it on the right hand and
sometimes on the left hand, but Baihaqi has mentioned that wearing the ring on
the right hand is inapplicable.
Hadith 8: Abu Dawud
and Nasa’i have reported on the authority of Hazrat Ali رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم held silk in his right hand and gold in his left hand and then
said, ‘Both of these are Haraam (totally forbidden) for the men of my Ummat.’
Hadith 9: It is in
Sahih Muslim from Hazrat Ali رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that
Rasoolullah صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم prohibited the use of Qassi[1],
fabric dyed in safflower, gold rings, and reciting the Qur’an-e-Majeed whilst
in Ruku.
Hadith 10: It is in
Sahih Muslim on the authority of Abdullah ibn Ab’bas رضی
اللہ تعالٰی عنہما that Rasoolullah
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم saw a gold ring on the hand of a person, so
he removed it and threw it away and said, ‘Does anyone hold a red hot coal in
his hand?’ After Huzoor صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم left, someone mentioned to the person that he
should pick up his ring and put it to some other use. He said, ‘I swear in
Allah’s Name! I will never take that, which Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم threw away’.
Hadith 11: Abu Dawud
and Nasa’i have reported from Mu’awiyah رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم disallowed (us from) sitting on a cheetah
skin, and from wearing gold unless it is crushed into very little particles. In
other words if very fine gold particles are attached to clothing, it is not
disallowed.
Hadith 12: Imam
Maalik رحمۃ اﷲعلیہ
says in Muwatta, ‘I regard it as being bad
(i.e. improper) to allow little boys to wear gold, as the Hadith wherein
Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
forbade the wearing of gold rings has reached
me. Thus, it is bad (not acceptable) for men, for both the adults and the
younger ones’.
Hadith 13: Tirmizi,
Abu Dawud and Nasa’i have reported on the authority of Buraidah رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that a person was wearing a brass ring. Huzoor
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
asked, ‘Why is it that the odour of idols is
emanating from you?’ He threw the ring away and then returned wearing an iron ring.
He صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
asked, ‘Why is it that you are wearing the
jewellery of the Dwellers of Hell (Jahannamis)?’ He then threw away that (ring)
and enquired, ‘Ya Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم! from
what should I have a ring made?’ He صلَّی اللہ
تعالیٰ واٰلہ وسلَّم
said, ‘Make it from silver and do not let it
reach a full Mithqaal[2].
It is in the narration of Tirmizi that after removing the iron ring, he wore a
ring made from gold and returned in the Holy Presence of Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
so Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی
علیہ وسلَّم asked,
‘Why do I see you wearing the jewellery of the occupants of hell?’ In other
words, the Ahl-e-Jannat[3]
will use gold in Jannat (and not on in this world).
Hadith 14: Abu Dawud
and Nasa’i reported from Abdullah ibn Mas’ud رضی اللہ تعالٰی
عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said
ten things to be bad: (1) For men to use the yellowish colour, in other words Khulooq[4].
(2) To dye white hair with black dye. (3) To cause the
waistcloth to trail too low. (4)
Wearing of gold rings. (5) To reveal the
adornment (beauty) of a woman improperly[5].
(6) To throw the dice (backgammon), i.e. to play dice (backgammon) and
chess etc. (7) To blow and brush someone to cast away evil, except with proper
words of protection. In other words, to blow and brush someone to cast away evil
with impermissible words is disallowed. (8)
To tie Taweez, in other words those Taweez
which contain words that are contrary to the Shariah. (9) To spill liquid in an
improper place. In other words after copulation, to let out semen, as this is
not permissible to do with a free woman without her permission. It could also
mean that it refers to Lawatat[6].
(10) To harm a child, but he did not render the tenth one Haraam. In
other words, to copulate with the mother of the child in the days when the
child is being breastfed; if she becomes pregnant at this time, then the child
will be harmed.
Hadith 15: Abdullah
reported a narration on the authority of Abdullah ibn Zubair رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہما
He says, ‘A servant from our home took the
daughter of Hazrat Zubair رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ to Hazrat
Umar رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ and she had tinkling anklets on her feet.
Hazrat Umar رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ cut them off and said, ‘I heard from
Rasoolullah صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم that, with every tinkling anklet there is (a)
shaitaan’.’
Hadith 16: Abu Dawud
reported that a girl came before Hazrat A’isha رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہا wearing tinkling anklets. She said, ‘Do not bring her before me
until you have not cut off the tinkling anklets, for I heard from Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم that Angels do not enter a house in which there is ‘Jars’ (a bell)
or tinkling anklets’.
Laws of Jurisprudence
The use of jewellery for men is absolutely Haraam. It is only permissible
to wear one silver ring, which should be within one mithqaal in weight. It
should be less than four and half mashas (approximately 4.7 grams). Even the use
of a gold ring is Haraam. It is permissible for the features of the sword to be
of silver. In other words, silver can be set on its sheath, handle and belt, on
condition that the silver is not on the area of use. [Durr-e-Mukhtar, Raddul Muhtar]
Law: Men are only permitted
to wear one silver ring. To wear rings from other metals is also Haraam. For
example, to wear rings made from iron, brass, copper and zinc etc. are
impermissible for both men and women. The only difference is that the female
can also wear gold (besides silver) and a male is not permitted to use gold. It
is mentioned in the Hadith Shareef that a person wearing a brass ring came
before Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالیٰ واٰلہ وسلَّم so He
صلَّی اللہ تعالیٰ واٰلہ وسلَّم asked, ‘Why is it that the odour of idols is
emanating from you?’ He threw the ring away and then returned wearing an iron
ring. He صلَّی
اللہ تعالیٰ واٰلہ وسلَّم asked, ‘Why is it that you are wearing the
jewellery of the dwellers of hell?’ He threw away that ring as well and
enquired, ‘Ya Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالیٰ واٰلہ وسلَّم ! From what should I have a ring made?’ He صلَّی اللہ تعالیٰ واٰلہ
وسلَّم said, ‘Have it made from silver and do not let it reach a full
Mithqaal’. [Durr-e-Mukhtar, Raddul Muhtar]
Law: Some Ulama have
mentioned the rings of Yashb[7]
and Aqeeq[8]
to be permissible and some have permitted rings made from all types of gemstones,
whereas some prohibit (rings made) from all of them. Thus the importunity of
precaution is that with the exception of silver, we should avoid wearing all
other types of rings, especially when the inclination of illustrious and elite
personalities such as the compiler of Hidaaya, has the view of all of them
being impermissible.
Law: A ring refers to the
round (circular) part. This does not refer to the stone. The stone can be from
any gemstone. The stones of Aqeeq, Yaaqoot[9],
Zamur’rad[10], and Feroza[11]
etc. are all permissible to use (on a ring). Since the rings made from all the
above are impermissible for both males and females, manufacturing them and
selling them is also regarded as being disallowed, as this is to assist in
something which is illegitimate (i.e. impermissible). However, selling it is
not disallowed to the level of it being disallowed to wearing it. [Durr-e-Mukhtar, Raddul Muhtar]
Law: If a silver covering
is placed over a metal ring, whereby the metal is not visible at all, then there
is no prohibition to wearing such a ring. [Alamgiri].
It is deduced from this, that it is
permissible to place a copper or iron tablet inside gold jewellery and then
cover it with gold plating, just as people do nowadays. The wearing of such a ring
is permitted.
Law: To press a hole in a
gemstone and to embed a gold pin in it is permissible. [Hidaya]
Law: Wearing a ring is only
Masnun (i.e. recommended) for those who require using a seal, such as a Sultan[12],
a Qazi[13]
and the Ulama[14], who place their seals on
Fatawa[15].
With the exception of them, it is not Masnun for others who do not required the
use of a seal. However, to wear a ring is still permissible. [Alamgiri]
Law: The ring may be worn
as one desires, either on the right or left hand, and it should be worn on the
little finger. [Durr-e-Mukhtar, Raddul Muhtar]
Law: One may have his name
engraved on a ring. Allah’s Name and the Name of Huzoor-e-Akram صلَّی اللہ تعالیٰ واٰلہ وسلَّم may also
be engraved on a ring. The words محمدرسول اﷲ ‘Muhammadur
Rasoolullah’ should not be engraved on a ring, as this was engraved in 3 lines
on Huzoor’s صلَّی
اللہ تعالیٰ واٰلہ وسلَّم ring. On the first line was محمد
on the second line was رسول
and on the third line was The Majestic Name
of اﷲ. Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالیٰ واٰلہ وسلَّم explicitly commanded that none should engrave
this on his ring. The figure of any human or animal should not be engraved on
the ring stone. [Durr-e-Mukhtar, Raddul Muhtar]
Law: A permissible ring is
that which is permissible for men. In other words, it should have one gemstone.
If it has more than one stone, then even though it is a silver ring, it is
impermissible for a male. [Raddul
Muhtar]. Similarly, for a male to wear more than one ring
or to wear a Chal’la[16]
is also impermissible, as this is not really classified as a ring. Females may
wear the Chal’la.
Law: To tie loose teeth
with gold wire is permissible and if someone’s nose has been severed, then he
may have a golden nose made and attached. In both conditions, gold has been
regarded as permissible due to necessity, as by having the teeth tied with
silver wire or attaching a silver nose, would cause mouldiness. [Alamgiri]
Law: If a tooth falls, it
can be tied with gold or silver wire. The teeth belonging to another person
cannot be used in your mouth. [Alamgiri]
Law: To adorn boys in gold
and silver jewellery is Haraam, and the one who adorns them in it is a sinner.
Similarly, it is impermissible to put mehndi on the hands and feet of children
without reason. A woman is allowed to apply mehndi on her own hands and feet,
but if she applies it onto a boy, she will be regarded as being sinful. [Durr-e-Mukhtar, Raddul Muhtar]
[1] Qassi: This is a type of silk fabric.
[2] In other words, it should weigh less than 1 Mithqaal. A Mithqaal
is a unit of mass which is equal to four and a half mashas. This is
approximately 4.7 grams. Some say it is equal to approximately 4.25 grams.
[3] Ahl-e-Jannat refers to those who will enter Holy Paradise and live
therein.
[4] Khulooq is a saffron coloured fragrance.
[5] This refers to disclosing her adornment to others except her
husband and those who are her Mahram.
[6] Lawatat refers to sodomy, and this is absolutely Haraam.
[7] Yashb agate jasper
[8] Aqeeq Cornelian Stone
[9] Yaaqoot refers to the Ruby
[10] Zamur’rad is the name given to an Emerald
[11] Feroza is a Turquoise blue gemstone
[12] Sultan refers to the Muslim Ruler in a Muslim State.
[13] Qazi refers to the Muslim Justice, usually referred to as the
‘Qadi’.
[14] Ulama is the plural of Aalim, which refers to the Men of Learning
or Religious Leaders.
[15] Fatawa is the plural of Fatwa, which is a Religious decree or
Edict.
[16] A Chal’la refers to a ring equally wide all round and without a
stone.
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