Chapter 11: The Etiquettes of Sitting,
Sleeping And Walking
It is mentioned in the Qur’an-e-Majeed:
(وَلَا تُصَعِّرْ خَدَّکَ
لِلنَّاسِ وَلَاتَمْشِ فِی الْاَرْضِ مَرَحًا ؕ اِنَّ اللہَ لَا یُحِبُّ کُلَّ
مُخْتَالٍ فَخُوۡرٍ ﴿ۚ۱۸﴾) وَاقْصِدْ فِیۡ مَشْیِکَ وَاغْضُضْ مِنۡ صَوْتِکَ ؕ
اِنَّ اَنۡکَرَ الْاَصْوٰتِ لَصَوْتُ الْحَمِیۡرِ ﴿٪۱۹﴾
“(Luqman said to his son): and when conversing with
anyone, do not distort your cheek (face) and walk not with arrogance on the
earth. Verily, Allah loves not anyone who is arrogant and boastful. And walk at
a moderate pace and lower your voice. Undoubtedly, the most awful of all sounds
is the braying of the donkey” [Surah 31
Verses 18-19]
And He says
(وَ لَا تَمْشِ فِی
الۡاَرْضِ مَرَحًا ۚ اِنَّکَ لَنۡ تَخْرِقَ الۡاَرْضَ وَلَنۡ تَبْلُغَ الْجِبَالَ
طُوۡلًا ﴿۳۷﴾)
“And walk not with arrogance on the earth. Verily,
neither will you ever be able to tear through the earth, nor will you reach the
mountains in stature.” [Surah 17 Verse 37]
And He says:
(وَ عِبَادُ الرَّحْمٰنِ
الَّذِیۡنَ یَمْشُوۡنَ عَلَی الْاَرْضِ ہَوْنًا وَّ اِذَا خَاطَبَہُمُ
الْجٰہِلُوۡنَ قَالُوۡا سَلٰمًا ﴿۶۳﴾وَالَّذِیۡنَ یَبِیۡتُوۡنَ لِرَبِّہِمْ
سُجَّدًا وَّ قِیَامًا ﴿۶۴﴾)
“And the servants
of The Most Compassionate are those who walk on the earth gently, and when they
are addressed by the ignorant ones, then they say ‘Salaam’ (Peace). And those
who spend the night prostrating and standing for their Rub (for Allah).” [Surah 25 Verses 63-64]
And He says:
(یٰۤاَیُّہَا الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡۤا اِذَا
قِیۡلَ لَکُمْ تَفَسَّحُوۡا فِی الْمَجٰلِسِ فَافْسَحُوۡا یَفْسَحِ اللہُ لَکُمْ ۚ
وَ اِذَا قِیۡلَ انۡشُزُوۡا فَانۡشُزُوۡا یَرْفَعِ اللہُ الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا
مِنۡکُمْ ۙ وَ الَّذِیۡنَ اُوۡتُوا الْعِلْمَ دَرَجٰتٍ ؕ)
“O you who Believe! When you are told to make room in
gatherings, then make room. Allah will grant you room. And when you are told to
rise up and stand, then rise up and stand, Allah will elevate in stature
amongst you, those of you who believe and those who possess knowledge.” [Surah 58 Verse 11]
HADITH 1: In Sahih
Bukhari and Sahih Muslim it is narrated from Ibn Umar رضی
اللہ تعالٰی عنہما
that Rasoolullah صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘It should not be such that one person
should wake another person up from his place and then he himself sits there,
but move aside and make some room’. In other words, those who are seated should
move aside to make room for the one who arrives later, so that he too may be
able to sit, or (it means) that the person who comes in should not ask anyone
to get up (from where he is sitting), but he should request him to move a
little and make some room, so that he may be seated. It has also been mentioned
in the narration of Bukhari that Ibn Umar رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہما used to regard it as Makruh for someone to wake up from their
place and for him to then sit at that persons place. This action of Ibn Umar رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہما
was from the marvels of abstinence, that it
should not be such that the person does not really wish to wake up from his
place, but he merely left his place for his sake.
HADITH 2: Abu Dawud
reported from Sa’eed ibn Abil Hassan. He says, ‘Abu Bukrah رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ came to us during a presentation of
testimony. A person got up from his place for him. He (however) refused to sit at
that place and said that ‘Nabi صلَّی اللہ
تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم prohibited this and Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم also
prohibited one from wiping his hands on the clothes of such a person whom he
did not clothe’. In this Hadith, even though Abu Bukrah رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ did not ask the person to leave his place,
and that person had gotten up by himself from his place, and visibly this is
not a situation regarding which there is any prohibition. However, this is the
marvel of caution that he did not find it appropriate to sit down even in such
a situation. (In other words) even though he did not ask the person to get up,
but because the person had gotten up for him, he deliberated that it should not
be so that this too may be considered in the same ruling as asking someone to
get up (from his place).
HADITH 3: It is in
Sahih Muslim from Abu Hurairah رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said,
‘The person who leaves his place after getting up, and then returns to it, then
that place is rightfully his’. (In other words, this applies if he returns
quickly).
HADITH 4: Abu Dawud
reported from Abu Dardah رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ who says ‘When
Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم would sit and we would sit near Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم and if he would get up and leave but he
wished to return, then He صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم would
leave his Naalain Mubaarak or something else there. By this, the
Sahaba-e-Kiraam knew that Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم would return, and they would all remain
waiting.
HADITH 5: Tirmizi
and Abu Dawud reported from Abdullah ibn Umar رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہما that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said,
‘It is not Halaal upon anyone to cause separation between two people’. (In
other words to sit between two people, except with their permission)
HADITH 6: Baihaqi
narrated in Sha’bul Imaan on the authority of Waathila bin Khataab رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that a person presented himself before Huzoor
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم whilst Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم was present in the Musjid. Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم moved away
from his place for him. He said, ‘Ya Rasool’Allah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم! There is sufficient room available’ (i.e. there was no need
for Huzoor صلَّی اللہ
تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم to move and to take any trouble). He صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘It is the duty of a Muslim that when
his brother looks at him, he should move for him’ (i.e. give him more room).
HADITH 7: Razeen
narrated from Abu Sa’eed Khudri رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم would make Ihtiba[1]
with both his hands whilst sitting in the Musjid.
HADITH 8: Abu Dawud
reported from Jaabir bin Sumrah رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ. He says, ‘When Nabi Kareem صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم would complete praying his Fajr Namaaz, he
would sit cross-legged until such time that the sun would rise well’.
HADITH 9: Abu Dawud
reported from Abu Hurairah رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah
صلَّی اللہ
تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘If a person is in the shade and the
shade is drawn together, whereby he is partially in the shade and partially under
the sun, then he should not sit there any longer’.
HADITH 10: Abu Dawud
reported Amr bin Shuraid, who narrates from his father. He says, ‘I was sitting
in a manner whereby I had placed my left hand behind my back, and I was
reclining on the nape of the palm of my right hand’. Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم passed by me and said, ‘Do you sit in the
manner of those on whom the wrath of Allah is descending?’
HADITH 11: Abu Dawud
reported on the authority of Jaabir bin Sumrah رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ. He says, ‘When presenting ourselves before
Nabi Kareem صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم, we would remain seated where the Majlis (gathering) had concluded’.
In other words they would sit at the edges of the gathering and not tear
(through the gathering) enter.
HADITH 12: Tabrani reported
on the authority of Abu Musa Ash’ari رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘When a person visits any nation and
they make room for him, (with the intention) of pleasing him, then it is on
Allah, that He may grant them happiness’.
HADITH 13: Abu Dawud
reported on the authority of Abu Hurairah رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘that there are a few such phrases,
that if recited by a person thrice after the conclusion of a gathering, Allah
ta’aala will wipe out his sins and which ever person recites them in a blessed
gathering and in a gathering of Zikr. Then Allah will place a seal over this
blessing for him, just as a person places a seal with a ring. The (phrases)
are:
سُبْحَانَکَ اللّٰھُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِکَ لَا اِلٰہَ اِلَّا اَنْتَ
اَسْتَغْفِرُکَ وَاَتُوْبُ اِلَیْکَ.
HADITH 14: Haakim
reported in Mustadrak on the authority of Abu Hurairah رضی
اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘Those who sit at any place for a long
time and then disperse without making Zikrullah (remembering Allah), and
without sending Durood on Nabi Kareem , they have caused injury. If Allah Wills, He may punish them, and
if He wills, He may pardon them’.
HADITH 15: Baz’zaar
reported from Anas رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that
Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
said, ‘Remove your shoes when you sit. Your
feet will attain comfort’.
HADITH 16: It is in
Sahih Muslim from Jaabir رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that
Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ
تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم disallowed (i.e. advised us against) keeping
one foot on top of the other foot when lying down flat.
HADITH 17: It is in
Sahih Bukhari and Muslim from Ubaad bin Tameem. He reports from his paternal
uncle that, ‘I saw Rasoolullah
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم lying down in the Musjid (and) Huzoor صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم had one foot on the other foot’. This is to explain permissibility
and is in the condition when there is no risk of the Satr being exposed, and the
first (previous) Hadith is in the condition where there is the risk of the Satr
being exposed. For example, if a person is sleeping flat on the ground wearing
a waistcloth and he has one leg standing upright and he lifts the other leg and
places it over that leg, then there is the risk of the Satr being exposed. If
he has both legs stretched outwards and keeps one foot on top of the other,
then (in such a situation) there is no risk of the Satr being exposed.
HADITH 18: It is in
Sharhus Sunnah from Abu Qatadah رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that when Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ
تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
would disembark at his destination at night,
he would rest on his right side and if he arrived at his destination just before
morning, then he would keep his right hand upright and He صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
would rest by keeping his head on the palm of
the right hand.
HADITH 19: Tirmizi
reported from Jaabir bin Sumrah رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that, ‘I saw Rasoolullah
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم resting (lying down) whilst reclining on his
left side’.
HADITH 20: Tirmizi
reported from Abu Hurairah رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
saw a person sleeping flat on his stomach. He
صلَّی
اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘Allah dislikes for a person to lay
down in this manner’.
HADITH 21: Abu Dawud
and Ibn Majah reported from Tukhfa Ghafaari رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ (he was from amongst the Ashaab-us-Suffa). He says that due to an
ailment of the chest, I was lying on my stomach, when suddenly someone tapped
me with their foot and said, ‘Allah ta’aala dislikes it when (someone) sleeps in
this manner. I looked up and saw that it was Rasoolullah ’ صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم.
HADITH 22: Ibn Majah
reported from Abu Zir رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ. He
says that he was lying (flat) on my stomach. Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ
وسلَّم passed by me and then jolted me with his foot and said, ‘O Jundub[2]!
This is the manner in which the dwellers of hell lie down’. It means that it is
either the manner in which the kaafirs lie down or it refers to the manner in
which the dwellers of hell (jahannamis) will lie down in Jahannum (Hell).
HADITH 23: Abu Dawud
reported from Ali bin Shaibaan رضی اللہ
تعالٰی عنہ that Rasoolullah
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم said, ‘None is responsible for a person who
rests at night on a roof which has no barrier’ (i.e. if it does not have any
wall or parapet). In other words, if he falls off the roof at night, then he is
to blame for this.
HADITH 24: Tirmizi
reported from Jaabir رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہ that
Rasoolullah صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
disallowed sleeping on a roof which has no
barrier.
HADITH 25: Abu Ya’la
reported from Hazrat A’isha رضی اللہ تعالٰی عنہا that Rasoolullah
صلَّی اللہ تعالٰی علیہ وسلَّم
said, ‘The person who sleeps after Asr and his
brain becomes weak, then he has only himself to blame’.
[1] Ihtiba is when a person sits with his rear on the ground, with
both knees upright and he encircles his knees with both hands, holding one hand
with the other hand. Sitting in this manner falls within the category of
politeness and humility.
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